The 10 Best Coyote Cartridges

Coyotes have an expansive range, which means hunters use very diverse tactics. Some snipe them at long range across open fields. Others like to call them in and pick them off at close range.

That makes crowning the best coyote cartridge a nearly impossible task. There really is no “perfect” cartridge for hunting these wily canine predators.

However, some cartridges are better suited to the task than others. If you’re searching for an effective dog-dropper, then you’ve come to the right place.

We’re going to show you the ins and outs of the most popular coyote cartridges currently in production. All of the options on our list have proven their worth against what many consider a nuisance species.

Quick Note:

Although some shooters use the terms “caliber” and “cartridge” interchangeably, the words refer to different things. 

“Caliber” is literally the diameter of a projectile (or the bore of the barrel the projectile travels through), and is conventionally measured in fractions of 1 inch. The word “cartridge” refers to an entire unit of ammunition: bullet, case, powder and primer.

In this article, we'll be discussing the best cartridges for coyote hunting.

What Is the Best Cartridge for Coyote Hunting?

There are hundreds of cartridges that can be used to hunt coyotes. Here are just a few of the most popular options. They also happen to be our favorites.

.17 HMR

When it comes to dropping ‘yotes, bigger isn’t always better. The little .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire (HMR) has been used by plenty of hunters to put small game in the stew pot. However, it also has plenty to offer coyote hunters.

One of the biggest reasons to downsize your caliber is to minimize pelt damage. Although coyotes aren’t exactly excellent dinner fare, many hunters pursue them for furs. When they're in good condition, coyote hides can be sold or turned into hats, stoles, and coats. Smaller loads like the .17 HMR are much more fur-friendly than larger ones; the bigger the bullet, the greater the pelt damage.

In addition to having pelt-friendly performance, the .17 HMR is a flat-shooting, accurate rimfire cartridge. It pushes those petite .17 caliber projectiles downrange with a respectable average muzzle velocity of around 2525 fps and delivers ballistics similar to some centerfire cartridges.

Despite its flat-shooting ballistics and respectable muzzle velocities, .17 HMR has plenty of limitations. The round's lightweight bullet loses momentum relatively quickly, and cannot reliably kill over longer distances. In other words, if you enjoy calling song dogs into your lap, the .17 HMR can serve you admirably.

Be finicky with both your range and your shot placement, and choose loads with polymer tipped bullets like the Hornady V-MAX, which is designed to violently fragment in soft tissue. Despite inflicting a narrow entry wound – and potentially zero exit wound – the V-MAX bullet reliably delivers a devastating internal wound channel.

.17 Hornet

More and more serious predator hunters are opting for cartridges that shoot smaller pills. Smaller bullets equal less pelt damage, and it doesn’t get much smaller than .17 inches (as far as projectiles are concerned, at least).

While there are several capable .17 cal coyote cartridges on the market, few offer the dog-dropping performance of the .17 Hornet.

Originally a wildcat cartridge, the .17 Hornet is one of the smallest centerfire rifle cartridges ever developed. Don’t let its small size deceive you. This tiny package achieves up to 1400 fps higher muzzle velocity and substantially more downrange striking energy than the rimfire .17 HMR. The .17 HMR can’t keep up with the .17 Hornet, particularly at ranges beyond 200 yards.

The .17 Hornet has a satisfyingly flat trajectory and impressive kinetic energy that delivers plenty of sting on mid-range coyotes. However, this petite cartridge manages all that performance without destroying hides. The bullet often dumps all its energy inside the animal without inflicting an exit wound – a major perk for hunters pursuing pristine pelts.

Varmint rifles chambered in .17 Hornet are some of the softest shooting you’ll ever lay hands on, which makes high-volume coyote hunting far more enjoyable.

.204 Ruger

Although plenty of hunters consider .22 the best caliber for coyote hunting, smaller, lighter .20 cal cartridges are ideal for fur collectors. These cartridges deliver pin-prick entrance holes accompanied by minimal pelt damage.

The .204 Ruger is the best of the best when it comes to .20 cal cartridges. It is capable of sending featherweight 24 grain bullets downrange at blistering velocities (near 4400 fps). Even when capped with heavier 40 grain projectiles, the .204 Ruger produces muzzle velocities of 3800 fps or higher.

Though it may have a slender, lightweight bullet, the .204 Ruger's sizzling muzzle velocity is certain to carry ample yote-busting energy downrange. Choose a load with a heavier grain weight if you’ll be knocking down big-bodied song dogs, or if you need to stretch your shots beyond 300 yards.

The .204 Ruger’s recoil is soft as a kitten. It barely kisses the shoulder, which makes for fast, easy follow-up shots. Because the rifle hardly moves during ignition, you can easily keep up with the target during and after the show.

The .204 makes considerably less noise than most other centerfire coyote cartridges. Not only is this cartridge easy on the ears, but it also works in the hunter’s favor when multiple dogs come running into the call.

There are plenty of high-quality bolt-action rifles available in .204 Ruger. However, if you opt for an AR-15 chambered for this .20, and pair it with a suppressor, the loudest sound you’ll hear is the thud of the projectile as it strikes your target.

While those thin, .20 cal bullets are easy on predator hides, they aren’t capable of carving wide wound channels. You’ll want to be extremely careful with your shot placement. Thankfully, the .204’s soft recoil makes it easy to get a quick follow-up shot on a wounded dog.

.223 Remington/5.56 NATO

The .223 Remington is definitely the most popular and affordable option for predator hunting. If you want to do more than kill coyotes, the .223’s versatility also makes it a smart option for bobcats and foxes.

.223/5.56 is also the most popular chambering for AR platform rifles. The AR-15 is often considered a tactical weapon. However, its lightweight, low-recoil, semi-automatic design allows for rapid, accurate follow-up shots on wounded ‘yotes. The design also makes it easy to handle in the field. It’s no wonder why so many serious predator hunters prefer practicing their science with .223 Rem ARs.

Top your modern sporting rifle with a quality optic and load it with high-performance ammunition, and this cartridge is more than capable of dropping song dogs dead in their tracks out to at least 300 yards.

Another major advantage to using .223 Rem to hunt ‘yotes is the wide range of specialized loads on the market. Every major manufacturer makes .223 ammo, often in dozens of variations. Use loads featuring lighter bullets to reduce pelt damage.

When it comes to both ammo and rifle availability, .223 Remington is king. You can easily find .223 rifles in semi-automatic, bolt-action, single-shot, and even lever-action rifles.

.22-250 Remington

Like the .223 Remington, the .22-250 Rem is topped with a .22 cal projectile. Despite sharing the same diameter, bullets fired from the .22-250 fly faster, have flatter trajectory, and hit with more energy than anything fired from a .223 cartridge.

The versatile .22-250 drops ‘yotes from close range to well beyond 300 yards. This cartridge does at 400 yards what the weaker .223 does at 300.

For comparison, Hornady’s Varmint Express line features both .223 Remington and .22-250 Rem loads. The .223 load shoves a 55-grain bullet out the muzzle at a respectable velocity of 3240 fps. Meanwhile, the .22-250 load sends the same bullet zipping out the barrel 440 fps faster (3680 fps).  That extra velocity translates into a flatter trajectory and more kinetic energy.

The .22-250 varmint loads drop 5.5 inches less than the .223 Rem at 400 yards. That makes the .22-250 a more forgiving option for long-range coyote hunting, which is a major perk if you need to make follow-up shots on a running wounded dog.

.243 Winchester

The .243 Winchester has earned a reputation as a mild-recoiling hunting option for young hunters. Many of us had our first introduction to the sport from behind one of these rifles. However, the .243 isn’t just for young deer hunters.

If you’re looking for a do-everything cartridge capable of dropping big ‘yotes and big whitetails, this is it. One of the most versatile rifle cartridges on the planet, the .243 Winchester easily crosses over from predators to big game hunting without even breaking a sweat.

The .243 shoots lighter bullets at impressive speeds, with enough knockdown power to blow the fleas off a ‘yote at 500 yards. If you want quick, humane kills, you probably want a .243 Win pressed against your shoulder.

Ballistically, the .243 does everything the .223 and .22-250 do, only with a heavier bullet. That means it carries more kinetic energy over farther distances, and bucks the wind better than either of the .22 caliber rifle cartridges described so far.

There are rifles chambered for this popular cartridge in every design under the sun, including semi-automatic modern sporting rifles. Every major commercial ammo manufacturer offers .243 ammo in most of its major hunting lines, including varmint-specific options that are capable as well as affordable.

6.5 Creedmoor

The 6.5 Creedmoor is one of the hottest cartridges on the market today. Everywhere you turn on the internet, some gun writer is singing the praises of this relative newcomer. The newcomer has earned so much acclaim fair and square.

Although the 6.5 Creedmoor was originally designed specifically for long-range target shooting, it provides a balance of ballistics, power, and handling that makes it near perfect for hunting coyotes. If pancake-flat trajectories, excellent ballistic coefficients, and fairytale accuracy turn you on, the 6.5 Creedmoor should be your dream cartridge.

The 6.5 Creedmoor doesn't necessarily kill song dogs deader than any of the other rifle cartridges on this list. It will, however, make hitting them at extended ranges a heckuva lot easier.

Thanks to the 6.5 Creedmoor’s extensive fan base, there is also an extensive selection of factory loads to choose from. Rifles chambered in 6.5 Creedmoor are available in everything from AR-10s to traditional lever-actions. For hunters who like to pop coyotes across acres of open prairie or harvested cropland, bolt-action rifles offer the highest level of accuracy.

6.5 Grendel

Although the 6.5 Grendel may not have the same superstar status as the 6.5 Creedmoor, it may offer more to modern coyote hunters.

If you want to peg predators and drop whitetails with an AR-15, the 6.5 Grendel is capable of doing both. Although the 6.5 Grendel is arguably less accurate than its Creedmoor cousin, this cartridge is one of the most accurate available for the AR-15 platform. As an added perk, it throws a heavier bullet with a higher sectional density than the 6.5 Creedmoor, which means deeper penetration once it reaches the target.

6.5 Grendel performs well out of an SBR (it was engineered for short-barreled AR platform rifles), so if you want lightweight maneuverability from your coyote rifle, this is certainly one way to do it.

Both the 6.5 Creedmoor and the 6.5 Grendel are hard on pelts. However, if you value quick kills over flawless furs, both cartridges will clobber the heck out of nuisance coyotes.

.308 Winchester

Many hunters consider the popular .308 Winchester to be overkill for hunting coyotes. While the large .30 cal projectiles can do some serious hide damage, they also deliver indisputably deadly results. Since pelt prices aren’t exactly making headlines these days, many coyote hunters prefer the dependable lethality of larger caliber cartridges. And guess waht? They can buy 308 in bulk to save money.

If you’re just trying to do farmers and game animals a favor by reducing the number of coyotes in the area, and you aren’t worried about selling fur, the .308 Winchester is a highly effective option. It easily pulls double duty for predators and big game. Plus, plenty of ‘passing ‘yotes have fallen victim to a deer hunter’s .308 bolt-action.

As one of the most popular hunting cartridges in production, 308 is relatively affordable and readily available. There are also plenty of different rifles to choose from, including semi-automatic modern sporting rifles (MSRs) like the AR-10, as well as more traditional walnut-stocked bolt-action rifles.

If you want to curtail some of that pelt damage, look for loads with a controlled expansion bullet such as Hornady’s ELD-X.

12 Gauge Shotgun

The 12 gauge shotgun really is a jack of all trades (and master of many). It is the go-to gun for home defense, waterfowl, turkey, and upland birds, and also a solid option for coyote hunting.

While you won’t be doing any long-range sniping with your Remington 870, a 12 gauge provides plenty of knockdown power for heavy-bodied ‘yotes inside of 40 yards. If you like to call them in hot, or you’re hunting in thick brush, a shotgun is a capable dog dropper, especially when it is loaded with a heavy payload of #4 or 00 buckshot.

Adding a red dot or reflex sight to your scattergun can help increase accuracy. Make sure you don’t over-choke your gun, too. Stick to a modified choke tube if possible.

Conclusion

It doesn't matter if you’re a dedicated coyote hunter or completely new to the sport. If you want a versatile all-around coyote rifle, you simply can’t go wrong with an AR-15 chambered in .223 Remington. The .223 and the AR platform work just as well on up-close ‘yotes as they do when you need to reach out and touch a dog with a long-distance shot.

The semi-auto performance of the AR-15 also means you won’t have to work a bolt-action to pull off multiple shots.

Plenty of coyote hunters agree that the best coyote caliber is .22. While there may be other .22 cal cartridges that shoot flatter and hit harder, the .223 Remington is a classic. Plus the ammo is cheap, easy to get your hands on, and available in a wide variety of varmint-specific loads.