Rifle Ammo For Sale

Live Inventory

From the Flobert BB cap to the .300 AAC Blackout, the self-contained rifle cartridge has made huge changes over the past century and a half. And while every part of the cartridge has changed, the ammunition still works the same. Learn More

All Rifle Calibers

Out of stock 17 Hornet Ammo Out of stock 204 Ruger Ammo Out of stock 22 Hornet Ammo Out of stock 22-250 Ammo 222 Ammo 223 Ammo 224 Valkyrie Ammo Out of stock 243 Ammo 25-06 Ammo 270 Ammo Out of stock 270 Win Short Magnum Ammo 30 Carbine Ammo 30-06 Ammo 30-30 Ammo 300 Blackout Ammo Out of stock 300 H&H Magnum Ammo 300 Win Magnum Ammo Out of stock 300 Win Short Magnum Ammo Out of stock 303 British Ammo 308 Winchester Ammo Out of stock 32 Winchester Special Ammo 338 Lapua Magnum Ammo Out of stock 338 Win Magnum Ammo Out of stock 375 H&H Magnum Ammo Out of stock 444 Marlin Ammo Out of stock 44-40 Winchester Ammo 45-70 Ammo Out of stock 458 Lott Ammo 50 BMG Ammo Out of stock 500 Nitro Ammo Out of stock 5.45x39 Ammo 5.56x45 Ammo Out of stock 5.6x52mm Rimmed Ammo 5.7x28mm Ammo Out of stock 6mm Remington Ammo 6.5mm Creedmoor Ammo 6.5mm Grendel Ammo Out of stock 6.5x52mm Carcano Ammo 6.5x55mm Swedish Ammo 6.5x57mm Ammo Out of stock 6.5x57mm Rimmed Ammo 6.8 SPC Ammo 7.5x55mm Swiss Ammo Out of stock 7x57mm Ammo Out of stock 7x57mmR Ammo Out of stock 7x64mm Ammo 7.62x39 Ammo 7.62x54r Ammo Out of stock 7mm Remington Magnum Ammo 7mm-08 Rem Ammo Out of stock 7mm Win Short Magnum Ammo 8mm Ammo Out of stock 8x57 JR Ammo Out of stock 8x57 JRS Ammo 9.3x62mm Ammo Out of stock 9.3x72mm Rimmed Ammo Surplus Ammo

Rifle History

You're free to republish or share any of our rifle caliber histories (either in part or in full), which are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Our only requirement is that you give Ammo.com appropriate credit by linking to the original article. Spread the word; knowledge is power!

The history of modern rifle ammo roots all the way back to the rimfire Flobert BB cap of France in the 1840s. This cartridge in .22 caliber was developed for indoor shooting, and was the cartridge on which all other rimfire rounds were based. Over the course of time, manufacturers adopted rimfire cartridges to be fired from rifles as small as .22 caliber to as large as .58 caliber. Shooters liked these rimfire cartridges right away, as they were faster and easier to reload in rifles than with a muzzle loader. It was also easier to transport and store.

Winchester introduced their .44 Winchester in 1873, which later came to be called the .44-40 – the first rifle cartridge to enjoy commercial success. It wasn't long before other companies started to develop ammunition for their own rifles, and for competitors' rifles as well. The .45 Colt and the .45-70 are two of the most famous rifle cartridges from 1873.

Smokeless powder was introduced less than 20 years later, and the first commercially successful cartridge to use it was the .30-30 Winchester, released in 1895. Just over 10 years later, the immensely popular .30-06 was released and then adopted by the U.S. military, where it served for over 60 years. Cartridge development was a booming business in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, years that saw the introduction of smokeless powder and rimmed cartridges.

Cartridges and cases continued to grow in size until 1921, at which point we reached the pinnacle with the .50 Browning Machine Gun cartridge. This massive cartridge was not introduced for rifles, but began the trend toward smaller cartridges – mostly possible thanks to continuing advancements in powder, materials and bullet design.

The .270 Winchester, introduced in 1925, is a good example of a smaller cartridge. It's a medium bore cartridge that continues to be among the most well-known and often-used rounds for hunting in North America. National militaries around the world also drove the development and advancement of rifle ammunition, especially during the 1940s, when the .30 Carbine and the 7.62x39mm appeared.

The 1950s and 1960s were innovative times for ammunition, particularly for the Winchester company. Among Winchester's releases during these decades were the .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire, .243, .300 Winchester Magnum, .308, and .458 Winchester Magnum – and they have remained in great demand since, making them some of the cheapest rifle rounds.

While the 70s did not see much innovation for rifle ammunition, its most notable cartridge was the 5.45x39mm. The 1980s and 1990s saw bore sizes growing and cartridge power increasing again with the 7mm-08 Remington and .338 Lapua leading the pack of the "bigger, faster, heavier" cartridges of the era.

Since the start of the new millennium, new cartridges have been scarce, and it's especially hard to speak of any real game changers. If there were one great cartridge we should expect to see being produced in another 50 years, it will likely be the .300 AAC Blackout. As the old saying goes: "The more things change, the more they stay the same." Rifle ammo has changed immensely in the past century, but after all is said and done, it still just boils down to brass, powder, primer and bullet.

Written by

Molly Carter

Bullet Points: Rifle Ammo

Rifle ammo as we know it today dates back to the mid-1800s, when a .22 caliber rimfire cartridge was created for indoor shooting. Over time, rimfire cartridges were eventually manufactured for rifles in a range of calibers.
These rimfire cartridges were popular right away, as they were faster and easier to reload in rifles than with a muzzle loader.
The first rifle cartridge to enjoy commercial success was the .44 Winchester. Introduced in 1873, this round inspired other companies to develop ammunition for their own rifles – including the .45 Colt and .45-70 during that same year.
Innovation throughout the last century has brought smokeless powder and rimmed cartridges, but the foundation of rifle ammunition has pretty much stayed the same: brass, powder, primer and bullet.